International trade is an essential factor of the socio-economic development of developing and least developed countries, including in the context of achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted in 2015. The G20, which is today the key global governance institution, can play a significant role in the implementation of the SDGs at the junction of development and trade. This article discusses the contribution of the G20 members to the implementation of the trade-related SDGs to international trade. The analysis of the collective G20 decisions demonstrated a significant contribution to the trade-related SDG targets implementation and the promotion of international development in general. At the same time, despite a significant institutional contribution to the promotion of sustainable development policies, several factors remain that impede the implementation of the SDG targets by the G20 members related to international trade.