Deepening economic integration in Eurasia brings up issues of compliance with national development priorities andassessments of the impact of integration on economic development. This article examines the economic development prioritiesof the countries in the Eurasian Customs Union as determined in their national strategic documents. A comparative analysisof national long-term development goals reveals their conceptual similarity. Along with the relatively low likelihood of allstrategic goals being achieved, this analysis confirms the relevance of economic cooperation among Belarus, Kazakhstanand Russia within the Eurasian Economic Union. The implementation of cooperative measures will likely promote theachievement of national development goals by creating new opportunities and providing additional competitive advantagesto the residents of the countries. The author also proposes possible cooperative measures in the main fields of economicdevelopment: business and investment, modernization and innovation, energy, export, transportation, and internationalcooperation.In spite of the conceptual similarity among long-term development goals, the specific economic development indicatorsused in Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia are different. Therefore the tasks of comparing the effects of integration on economicdevelopment by country and determining appropriate cooperation measures require the development of an economic strategyfor the Eurasian Economic Union and the introduction of new comparable indicators into national strategic documents.