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Почтовый адрес: Покровский бульвар, д.11, Москва, Россия, 109028
Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»
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Вандемоортеле М., Бёрд К., дю Туа А., Лью М., Сен К., Суарес Ф. (Пер. с английского: Сахаров А. Г. 1 , Сафонкина Е. А. , Шелепов А. В. 2 , Ланьшина Т. А. 3 , Рахмангулов М. Р. ; Научный ред. перевода: Перфильева О. В.)
  • 1 РАНХиГС, Россия, 119034, Москва, Пречистенская наб., д. 11
  • 2 РАНХиГС, 119034, Россия, Москва, Пречистенская наб., 11, оф. 403
  • 3 РАНХиГС, 119571, Москва, просп. Вернадского, д. 82, стр. 1

Создавая основу для равного роста: политика социального равенства в странах-членах БРИКС

2013. Т. 8. № 2. С. [содержание номера]

Вандемоортеле Мило– аспирант Лондонской школы экономики, бывший исследователь Института развития зарубежных стран (ODI) по программе «Рост, бедность и неравенство», WC2A 2AE, Houghton St., London, United Kingdom; E-mail: M.Vandemoortele@lse.ac.uk

Берд Кейт– н.с. Института развития зарубежных стран (ODI), бывший директор программы «Рост, бедность и неравенство» Института развития зарубежных стран, SE1 8NJ, 203 Blackfriars Rd, London, United Kingdom; E-mail: k.bird.ra@odi.org.uk

де Туа Андриэс– директор Института бедности, земли и аграрных исследований (PLAAS), профессор Университета Восточного Кейптауна в Кейптауне, 7535, X17, Private Bag, Bellville, South Africa; E-mail:adutoit@plaas.org.za

Лью Минкуан– старший научный сотрудник Института Азиатского банка развития (ADBI), бывший профессор и декан факультета экономики развития в университете Пекина, бывший директор-учредитель Центра по изучению экономики развития и гуманитарных проблем; 100-6008, 8F, 3-2-5, Kasumigaseki Building Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan; E-mail: minquanliu@pku.edu.cn 

Сен Кунал – профессор Института политики экономического развития  управления (IDPM) Университета Манчестера, M13 9PL, Oxford Rd, Manchester, United Kingdom; E-mail: Kunal.Sen@manchester.ac.uk

Суарес Фабио Верас– координатор-исследователь по вопросам денежных переводов Международного центра политики инклюзивного роста (IPC-IG) Бразилии, 70052-900, 7 andar, Esplanada dos Ministérios, Bloco O, Brasilia-DF, Brazil; E-mail:fabio.veras@undp-povertycentre.org

Аннотация

Пять ведущих развивающихся стран, входящих в БРИКС (Бразилия, Россия, Индия, Китай и Южная Африка), успешно развивают свои экономические системы, преодолев последствия финансового кризиса 2008/2009 гг. Страны БРИКС становятся моделями развития как для практиков, исследователей развивающихся экономик, так и для других стран с развивающимися экономиками. Однако если экономическую ситуацию в этих странах рассматривать не поверхностно, то станет очевидно, что не все население этих стран выигрывает от экономического роста. В некоторых странах, в частности, Китае, Индии и Южной Африке чудовищно возросло неравенство доходов. При этом в Бразилии произошло снижение неравенства доходов. Какие уроки можно извлечь, изучая вызовы и успехи регулирования роста и равенства на примерах странах БРИКС? В статье даётся определение справедливого роста, описываются инструментальные и объективные аргументы в его пользу на примере опыта четырех стран: Бразилии, Китая, Индии и Южной Африки. Выделены четыре основных фактора, определяющих характер роста: доступ к нематериальным активам, прежде всего профессиональным навыкам, позволяющим гражданам участвовать в экономической деятельности и получать доходы. В аграрных обществах критически важен доступ к земельным ресурсам. Не менее важны для обеспечения справедливого роста инвестиции в производство для создания рабочих мест и больших возможностей для населения; социальные выплаты для гарантированного обеспечения минимального дохода тем, кто не может работать или не может найти работу. Определяющее значение имеет политико-экономический контекст, включающий инклюзивность как приоритет.

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