M. Larionova, Director of the International Organizations Research Institute, State University – Higher School of Economics

The paper looks into the main outcomes of the summit at Hokkaido Toyako, its achievemnets and failures. The analysis focuses on the main factors contributing to the summit success, and challenges for forging consensus,  drawing conclusions for future summitry. Assessing contradictions between the G8 and G5 and other outreach countries surfacing in the summit documents, the author possits that the Heiligendamm process is developing into a new “G5” and that the fomular of expanded participation changes the nature of the summitry.